The Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) is a relationship-based, developmentally informed intervention model for young children with autism, typically between 12 and 48 months. Rooted in applied behavior analysis (ABA), ESDM integrates developmental science and naturalistic, play-based learning to support communication, cognition, social-emotional development, and flexible thinking. It emphasizes the power of joyful, reciprocal interactions and builds on each child’s individual interests and motivations.
Unlike traditional discrete trial approaches, ESDM occurs within the flow of play and daily routines, making learning feel meaningful and accessible. Interventionists follow the child’s lead, embed individualized teaching objectives into natural interactions, and use warm, emotionally attuned relationships as the foundation for growth. ESDM is evidence-based and has shown positive outcomes in language, social engagement, and adaptive behavior.
A key element of ESDM is caregiver involvement. Parents are coached to use strategies throughout daily routines, increasing opportunities for learning and reinforcing a sense of connection and trust. The model is also designed to be used collaboratively by professionals across disciplines, including speech-language pathology, occupational therapy, psychology, and ABA.
At Sensory Kids & Social Minds, ESDM principles are integrated into our ABA services as part of a transdisciplinary approach. We offer ABA only to families who are also receiving OT and/or SLP services with us, ensuring shared understanding, continuity, and alignment among team members. This model allows us to support the whole child—nurturing intrinsic motivation, meaningful participation, and long-term developmental wellbeing.